Windows | @sskaje

Digital Ocean Install Windows 10 2004

By @sskaje
Link: https://sskaje.me/2020/06/digital-ocean-install-windows-10-2004/

方法1 使用别人现成的磁盘镜像

参考 https://www.whatuptime.com/ 。步骤如下

2 建一台虚拟机，设置密码，关掉，进recovery，改成 Boot from Recovery ISO，启动后选择 6 Interactive Shell

3 原作者给了一个 dropbox 的磁盘镜像下载地址，但是这个磁盘镜像是基于微软古老的公开的 Windows 10 Enterprise Evaluation 制作的，不管怎样，有个现成的总归省事。

wget -O- https://www.dropbox.com/s/e2oglmh3tdu3boz/WIn10.gz?dl=1 | gunzip | dd of=/dev/vda

1	wget -O- https://www.dropbox.com/s/e2oglmh3tdu3boz/WIn10.gz?dl=1 \| gunzip \| dd of=/dev/vda

4 改回磁盘引导，Console 连进去，用户名 WhatUpTime.com，密码: P@ssword64 。先改用户名密码，然后根据后台的信息设置网卡。我创建的 Compute Optimized 的droplet，系统里的两个网卡，Ethernet 2 和 3，我改的2，可用。建好网络后，选用老版本的 Windows 远程桌面客户端或者 Mac 版的连上去，Windows 10 2004 的远程桌面连上去提示 CredSSP 的错误，简单说，这个系统太老了。Windows Update之后，这个提示会消失，但是 Digital Ocean 的 Web Console 在 Mac Chrome 下，鼠标跟虚拟机里的鼠标对不上，这是一个有挑战的体验。

5 进系统，该更新更新，但是更新之后，系统始终显示的是 Windows 10 Enterprise Evaluation，版本也始终停留在 1607，虽然更新能装到 2018 年 4 月。注册表的版本文字也改过了，正版 Enterprise 的 license key 也试过了，都无法直接升级；Windows 10 Update Assistant 也提示无法升级；Media Creation Tool 也死；DISM 查询版本也失败。需要从官方下载 2004 business edition 的 ISO，直接运行 setup.exe，运行后，系统会提示有更新。

6 该更新更新，更新完重启后再进系统，再运行 setup.exe，安装。

注1：该虚拟机磁盘镜像只有16G，系统装完之后基本就满了，磁盘管理里直接扩展卷即可。

注2：Snapshot 不用尝试了，创建的snapshot 直接生成droplet会出错不可用，创建标准虚拟机后用 snapshot 重建 droplet 也不可用。

方法2 自制Window 10 磁盘镜像

参考 https://glitchwitch.io/blog/2018-09/windows-10-on-digitalocean/ 全手工。

准备： windows 10 2004 ISO, virtio-win ISO，一台有加载了 kvm_intel 的linux。

Virtio-win 驱动从这里下载 https://fedorapeople.org/groups/virt/virtio-win/direct-downloads/ 。win10 2004 至少需要 virtio-win-0.1.185，低版本会蓝屏。

以 Ubuntu 18.04 为例，

# Install qemu
apt-get update &amp;&amp; apt-get install qemu -y

# Create disk image
qemu-img create -f raw windows10.img 16G

# Start Windows 10 VM with VNC
qemu-system-x86_64 \
  -m 1G \
  -cpu host \
  -enable-kvm \
  -boot order=d \
  -drive file=win10-os.iso,media=cdrom \
  -drive file=windows10.img,format=raw,if=virtio \
  -drive file=virtio-win.iso,media=cdrom \
  -vnc :0 \
  # Press CTRL + C to stop virtualization

# Install qemu

apt-get update && apt-get install qemu -y

# Create disk image

qemu-img create -f raw windows10.img 16G

# Start Windows 10 VM with VNC

qemu-system-x86_64 \

-m 1G \

-cpu host \

-enable-kvm \

-boot order=d \

-drive file=win10-os.iso,media=cdrom \

-drive file=windows10.img,format=raw,if=virtio \

-drive file=virtio-win.iso,media=cdrom \

-vnc :0 \

# Press CTRL + C to stop virtualization

装好之后，直接vnc 远程连这台主机的5900，进入安装步骤。安装过程需要加载外部驱动，E:\NetKvm\w10\amd64 和 E:\viostor\w10\amd64 ，去掉隐藏不兼容驱动的勾，都选择第一个。识别出硬盘后，正常安装，等到系统提示自动重启倒计时的时候，ctrl + c 结束 qemu 进程。

dd if=windows10.img | gzip -c > windows10.gz

1	dd if=windows10.img \| gzip -c > windows10.gz

压缩镜像后，gzip文件大概 4.7G，先在DigitalOcean上同机房建一个$5的服务器，把文件传上去，装一个nginx。剩下回到第一步，用vpc内网IP下载镜像、安装。

这个版本的镜像会自带一个恢复分区，需要删除了才能去扩展磁盘卷。管理员CMD下操作命令如下：

diskpart
list disk
select disk 0
list partition 
select partition 3
delete partition override
exit

diskpart

list disk

select disk 0

list partition

select partition 3

delete partition override

exit

结束之后去磁盘管理里，把C盘的卷直接扩展即可。

Digital Ocean Install Windows 10 2004 by @sskaje: https://sskaje.me/2020/06/digital-ocean-install-windows-10-2004/

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Docker Desktop for Windows on Server 2019 Essentials

By @sskaje
Link: https://sskaje.me/2019/10/docker-desktop-for-windows-on-server-2019-essentials/

Docker Desktop for Windows reports incompatible with Windows Server 2019 Essentials.

Logs indicates that hyper-v is required.

Here is a bat enabling all hyper-v related feature on Windows.

pushd "%~dp0"
dir /b %SystemRoot%\servicing\Packages\*Hyper-V*.mum >hyper-v.txt
for /f %%i in ('findstr /i . hyper-v.txt 2^>nul') do dism /online /norestart /add-package:"%SystemRoot%\servicing\Packages\%%i"
del hyper-v.txt
Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Hyper-V -All /LimitAccess /ALL
pause

pushd "%~dp0"

dir /b %SystemRoot%\servicing\Packages\*Hyper-V*.mum >hyper-v.txt

for /f %%i in ('findstr /i . hyper-v.txt 2^>nul') do dism /online /norestart /add-package:"%SystemRoot%\servicing\Packages\%%i"

del hyper-v.txt

Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Hyper-V -All /LimitAccess /ALL

pause

Also, Container

pushd "%~dp0"
dir /b %SystemRoot%\servicing\Packages\*containers*.mum >containers.txt
for /f %%i in ('findstr /i . containers.txt 2^>nul') do dism /online /norestart /add-package:"%SystemRoot%\servicing\Packages\%%i"
del containers.txt
Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:Containers -All /LimitAccess /ALL
pause

pushd "%~dp0"

dir /b %SystemRoot%\servicing\Packages\*containers*.mum >containers.txt

for /f %%i in ('findstr /i . containers.txt 2^>nul') do dism /online /norestart /add-package:"%SystemRoot%\servicing\Packages\%%i"

del containers.txt

Dism /online /enable-feature /featurename:Containers -All /LimitAccess /ALL

pause

But I tried Docker EE on Windows Server 2019 Essentials, still not working.

https://forums.docker.com/t/installing-docker-on-windows-10-home/11722/25

Docker Desktop for Windows on Server 2019 Essentials by @sskaje: https://sskaje.me/2019/10/docker-desktop-for-windows-on-server-2019-essentials/

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VMware Windows 10 Guest Shared Folder Fixer

By @sskaje
Link: https://sskaje.me/2016/08/vmware-windows-10-guest-shared-folder-fixer/

Windows 10 Shared folder hang in VMware Fusion.
According to @steve goddard, this is caused by Microsoft upgrades destroying registry settings.

I wrote a VBScript check and fix the registry.

github project: https://github.com/sskaje/vmware_windows_10_shared_folder_fixer

'
' VMware Fusion/Workstation Shared Folder Fixer
' 
' Author: sskaje
'
'

' Ask for Administrator Access
If Not WScript.Arguments.Named.Exists("elevate") Then
  CreateObject("Shell.Application").ShellExecute WScript.FullName _
    , WScript.ScriptFullName & " /elevate", "", "runas", 1
  WScript.Quit
End If

' Registry related variables
Dim objShell, regNetworkProviderOrder, regValueType, currentValue, vmhgfs, comma
regNetworkProviderOrder = "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\NetworkProvider\Order\ProviderOrder"
regValueType = "REG_SZ"
vmhgfs = "vmhgfs"
comma = ","

Set objShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
currentValue = objShell.RegRead(regNetworkProviderOrder)

Dim searchPos, needWriteBack
searchPos = InStr(currentValue, vmhgfs)
needWriteBack = False

If searchPos = 0 Then 
	' If vmhgfs is not found in registry value, prepend 
	currentValue = vmhgfs + comma + currentValue
	needWriteBack = True
ElseIf searchPos <> 1 Then 
	' If vmhgfs is not at the beginning, move it there
	needWriteBack = True
	
	Dim providerSets, x
	providerSets = Split(currentValue, comma)
	currentValue = vmhgfs
	For Each x in providerSets
		Do
			If x = vmhgfs Then Exit Do					' Skip if current is vmhgfs
			If x = "" Then Exit Do						' Skip if current is empty string
			currentValue = currentValue + comma + x		' Append to new value
		Loop While False
	Next
' Else ' If vmhgfs is at the beginning, skip 
End If


If needWriteBack = True Then
	' Write Registry
	objShell.RegWrite regNetworkProviderOrder, currentValue, regValueType
End If

WScript.Echo "Registry has been fixed. Please try Shared Folder."

' VMware Fusion/Workstation Shared Folder Fixer

' Author: sskaje

' Ask for Administrator Access

If Not WScript.Arguments.Named.Exists("elevate") Then

CreateObject("Shell.Application").ShellExecute WScript.FullName _

, WScript.ScriptFullName & " /elevate", "", "runas", 1

WScript.Quit

End If

' Registry related variables

Dim objShell, regNetworkProviderOrder, regValueType, currentValue, vmhgfs, comma

regNetworkProviderOrder = "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\NetworkProvider\Order\ProviderOrder"

regValueType = "REG_SZ"

vmhgfs = "vmhgfs"

comma = ","

Set objShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")

currentValue = objShell.RegRead(regNetworkProviderOrder)

Dim searchPos, needWriteBack

searchPos = InStr(currentValue, vmhgfs)

needWriteBack = False

If searchPos = 0 Then

' If vmhgfs is not found in registry value, prepend

currentValue = vmhgfs + comma + currentValue

needWriteBack = True

ElseIf searchPos <> 1 Then

' If vmhgfs is not at the beginning, move it there

needWriteBack = True

Dim providerSets, x

providerSets = Split(currentValue, comma)

currentValue = vmhgfs

For Each x in providerSets

If x = vmhgfs Then Exit Do ' Skip if current is vmhgfs

If x = "" Then Exit Do ' Skip if current is empty string

currentValue = currentValue + comma + x ' Append to new value

Loop While False

' Else ' If vmhgfs is at the beginning, skip

End If

If needWriteBack = True Then

' Write Registry

objShell.RegWrite regNetworkProviderOrder, currentValue, regValueType

End If

WScript.Echo "Registry has been fixed. Please try Shared Folder."

VMware Windows 10 Guest Shared Folder Fixer by @sskaje: https://sskaje.me/2016/08/vmware-windows-10-guest-shared-folder-fixer/

Click Button and Read Text from Other Program on Windows

By @sskaje
Link: https://sskaje.me/2016/05/click-button-read-text-program-windows/

I have a protected application on windows, normally my clients have to run that program, click a button, copy some text from another text control, upload to somewhere…

I need to find a solution simulate button click and read the text control.

There are two buttons, generate and exit, and a text control.

Here is what I did in C++, build under Windows XP + Visual C++ 6.0/7.0 in CLI.

1 Run the program.

	STARTUPINFO si;
	PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
	ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));
	ZeroMemory(&pi, sizeof(pi));
	
	if (!CreateProcess(
		NULL,
		(LPTSTR)  "GetResult.exe",
		NULL,
		NULL,
		false,
		CREATE_NO_WINDOW,
		NULL,
		NULL,
		&si,
		&pi
	)) {
		DWORD errval = GetLastError();
		cout << "CreateProcess Failed: " << errval << endl;
		return 2;
	}

	Sleep(500);

STARTUPINFO si;

PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;

ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));

ZeroMemory(&pi, sizeof(pi));

if (!CreateProcess(

NULL,

(LPTSTR) "GetResult.exe",

NULL,

false,

CREATE_NO_WINDOW,

NULL,

&si,

&pi

)) {

DWORD errval = GetLastError();

cout << "CreateProcess Failed: " << errval << endl;

return 2;

}

Sleep(500);

Sleep is required here, to ensure that you can find correct control.

2 Find controls

	int ctrlBtnGet = 0x01;
	int ctrlTxtResult = 0x03e8;
	int ctrlBtnExit = 0x02;

	HWND wGetWindow = FindWindow(0, "Window Title");	
	HWND wBtnGet = GetDlgItem(wGetWindow, ctrlBtnGet);
	HWND wBtnExit = GetDlgItem(wGetWindow, ctrlBtnExit);	
	HWND wTxtResult = GetDlgItem(wGetWindow, ctrlTxtResult);

int ctrlBtnGet = 0x01;

int ctrlTxtResult = 0x03e8;

int ctrlBtnExit = 0x02;

HWND wGetWindow = FindWindow(0, "Window Title");

HWND wBtnGet = GetDlgItem(wGetWindow, ctrlBtnGet);

HWND wBtnExit = GetDlgItem(wGetWindow, ctrlBtnExit);

HWND wTxtResult = GetDlgItem(wGetWindow, ctrlTxtResult);

These CtrlID can be read by many *Spy app on windows.

3 Perform click and read from text control

In my case, Sleep is also required after BM_CLICK was sent to target program, otherwise I may have to click more than once.
So, I wrote a loop

	int max_retry = 5;
	
	int retry = 0;
	
	int length;
	char buf[2048] = {0};
	
	do {
		SendMessage(wBtnGet, BM_CLICK, 0, 0);
		Sleep(300);
	
		length = (int) SendMessage(wTxtResult, WM_GETTEXTLENGTH, 0, 0);
		
		if (length > 0) {
			SendMessage(wTxtResult, WM_GETTEXT, sizeof(buf) / sizeof(buf[0]), (LPARAM) buf);
			printf("%s\n", buf);
			break;
		}
		
	} while (++retry < max_retry);

int max_retry = 5;

int retry = 0;

int length;

char buf[2048] = {0};

do {

SendMessage(wBtnGet, BM_CLICK, 0, 0);

Sleep(300);

length = (int) SendMessage(wTxtResult, WM_GETTEXTLENGTH, 0, 0);

if (length > 0) {

SendMessage(wTxtResult, WM_GETTEXT, sizeof(buf) / sizeof(buf[0]), (LPARAM) buf);

printf("%s\n", buf);

break;

}

} while (++retry < max_retry);

I tried GetDlgItemText and GetWindowText, neither of these two works to get text from the control.
WM_GETTEXTLENGTH and then WM_GETTEXT is the best choice so far as I know.

4 Click Exit

	SendMessage(wBtnExit, BM_CLICK, 0, 0);

1	SendMessage(wBtnExit, BM_CLICK, 0, 0);

Click Button and Read Text from Other Program on Windows by @sskaje: https://sskaje.me/2016/05/click-button-read-text-program-windows/

Create Windows 7/8 Bootable USB Drive on OS X

By @sskaje
Link: https://sskaje.me/2014/02/create-windows-7-8-bootable-usb-drive-on-osx/

This note works for Windows (e.g. Windows 7, Windows 8, …), Linux … ISO image only, and all commands in Terminal.

If you’re interested in using Disk Utility, try this: Create OS X Mavericks Bootable USB Drive from AppStore Release, but DON’T forget to unmount partitions.

To launch a Terminal, simply open Spotlight and type Terminal, in most cases, you can see Terminal listed after ‘Ter‘.

For Windows 7/8 or later, Boot Camp Assistant is the BEST tool.
In ‘Select Tasks‘, CHECK ‘Create a Windows 7 or later version disk’ and UNCHECK all others.
In ‘Create Bootable USB Drive for Windows Installation‘, choose the right usb destination disk.

Continue reading “Create Windows 7/8 Bootable USB Drive on OS X” »

Create Windows 7/8 Bootable USB Drive on OS X by @sskaje: https://sskaje.me/2014/02/create-windows-7-8-bootable-usb-drive-on-osx/